Evolution of Household Well-being, 1994–1997: What Do Living Standards Surveys Tell Us?

This study examines changes in household well-being in Peru between 1994 and 1997, a period characterized by the implementation of an economic stabilization program and structural reforms. It seeks to answer key questions about changes in family income and expenditures, as well as the impact of social programs on poverty and employment conditions, including child labor. Using data from the 1994 and 1997 Living Standards Surveys (ENNIV), the study analyzes trends in indicators such as absolute and extreme poverty. The results reveal a more significant decline in extreme poverty (-18.4%) than in absolute poverty (-6.5%), with varying improvements between urban and rural areas. In addition, an increase in household spending is observed, with households in extreme poverty recording the greatest growth. Food assistance policies proved to be crucial in this reduction of poverty. At the macroeconomic level, the study suggests that a combination of sustained growth and effective social policies is vital for advancing toward equal opportunities and general well-being. (Abstract and audio: Department of Economic Publications)